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U
Urology
Kosalan Akilan and Jethro Kwong, chapter editors Ahmad Mousa and Siraj Zahr, associate editors Michael Elfassy and Alexander Tigert, EBM editors Dr. Sender Herschorn and Dr. Jason Lee, staff editors
Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic Anatomy Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Urologic History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Macroscopic (Gross) Hematuria Microscopic Hematuria
Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voiding
Urinary Incontinence
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) . . . . . .
Urinary Retention
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Urethral Stricture Neurogenic Bladder
Dysuria
Hydronephrosis Post-Obstructive Diuresis
. 2 . 2 . 4 . 4
. 6 . 7
Pediatric Urology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Congenital Abnormalities Nephroblastoma (Wilms’ Tumour) Cryptorchidism/Ectopic Testes Disorders of Sexual Differentiation Enuresis
Selected Urological Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Bladder Catheterization
Circumcision
Cystoscopy
Radical Prostatectomy
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Common Medications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Overactive Bladder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases . . . . . . . . 13
Urinary Tract Infection Recurrent/Chronic Cystitis
Interstitial Cystitis (Painful Bladder or Bladder Pain Syndrome)
Acute Pyelonephritis Prostatitis/Prostatodynia Epididymitis and Orchitis
Urethritis
Stone Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Approach to Renal Stones
Urological Neoplasms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Approach to Renal Mass
Benign Renal Neoplasms
Malignant Renal Neoplasms
Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis and Ureter Bladder Carcinoma
Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer Screening Testicular Tumours
Penile Tumours
Scrotal Masses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Penile Complaints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Erectile Dysfunction
Trauma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Renal Trauma Bladder Trauma Urethral Injuries
Infertility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Female Factors Male Factors
Toronto Notes 2019
Urology U1