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U2 Urology
Acronyms
Toronto Notes 2019
Acronyms
β-hCG beta-human chorionic gonadotropin ABx antibiotics
AFP alpha-fetoprotein
ART assisted reproductive technologies AUA American Urological Association BCG Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
BPH benign prostatic hyperplasia CAH congenital adrenal hyperplasia CaP cancer of the prostate
CBI continuous bladder irrigation CFU colony-forming unit
CHF congestive heart failure
CIC clean intermittent catheterization CIS carcinoma in situ
CMG cystometrogram
CPPS chronic pelvic pain syndrome CTU CT urography
CUA Canadian Urological Association CVA costovertebral angle
d/c discharge
DHT dihydrotestosterone
DMSA dimercaptosuccinic acid
DRE digital rectal exam
DSD detrusor sphincter dyssynergia MAG3 EBRT external beam radiation therapy MET ED erectile dysfunction MS EPS expressed prostatic secretions NSGCT ESWL extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy PCKD FNA fine needle aspiration PCNL GA general anesthesia PDE GAG glycosaminoglycan PID HIFU high-intensity focused ultrasound PMC HPF high power field POD HPTA hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis PSA ICSI intracytoplasmic sperm injection PUV IFN-α interferon-alpha PVD IL-2 interleukin-2 PVR IPSS International Prostate Symptom Score QOL ISD intrinsic sphincter deficiency RCC IUI intrauterine insemination RFA IVF in vitro fertilization RP
IVP intravenous pyelogram RPLND KUB kidneys, ureters, bladder RTA LFT liver function test RUG LMN lower motor neuron SA LUTS lower urinary tract symptoms SCC
mercaptoacetyltriglycine
medical expulsive therapy
multiple sclerosis non-seminomatous germ cell tumour polycystic kidney disease percutaneous nephrolithotomy phosphodiesterase
pelvic inflammatory disease pontine micturition centre post-obstructive diuresis prostate specific antigen posterior urethral valve peripheral vascular disease post-void residual
quality of life
renal cell carcinoma
radio-frequency ablation
radical prostatectomy
retroperitoneal lymph node dissection renal tubular acidosis
retrograde urethrogram
semen analysis
squamous cell carcinoma
SUI stress urinary incontinence
TMP/SMX trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole TRUS transrectal ultrasound
TUIP transurethral incision of the prostate TUNA transurethral needle ablation
TURBT transurethral resection of bladder tumour TURP transurethral resection of the prostate U/A urinalysis
U/O urine output
U/S ultrasound
UC urothelial carcinoma
UMN upper motor neuron
UPJ ureteropelvic junction
URS ureterorenoscopy
UTI urinary tract infection
UVJ ureterovesicular junction
VB1 voided bladder, initial (urethra)
VB2 voided bladder, midstream (bladder) VB3 voided bladder, post-massage/digital
rectal exam
VCUG voiding cystourethrogram
VIU visual internal urethrotomy VUR vesicoureteral reflux
Basic Anatomy Review
• recallthattheanatomicalpositionofthepenisiserect;therefore,theanatomicalventralsideofthepenisappearstobethedorsalsideofthe flaccid penis
Above arcuate line
Below arcuate line
Skin
Superficial fascia External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominus Transversalis fascia Extraperitoneal fat Peritoneum
Testicular artery
Inferior epigastric artery
Skin Pampiniform
Vas Deferens
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis Dartos fascia
Minor calyx
Major calyx Pararenal fat
Renal sinus Renal pelvis
Ureter
Uretero-vesicular junction Bladder neck
Superficial fascia External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominus
Transversalis fascia Extraperitoneal fat Peritoneum
plexus
Testis Skin
Figure 2. Anatomy of scrotum
Figure 1. Midline cross-section of abdominal wall
Renal vein Renal artery
Abdominal aorta Inferior vena cava Ureter
Gonadal artery and vein
Internal iliac artery and vein External iliac artery and vein Internal pudenal artery
Common penile artery
© Krista Shapton
Renal cortex Renal medulla
Renal papilla Renal column Renal pyramid
Renal capsule (Gerota’s fascia)
Figure 3. Essential male genitourinary tract anatomy
Detrusor Trigone
Base detrusor Urethral muscularis (internal
sphincter, smooth muscle) Periurethral striated muscle
Rhabdosphincter (external sphincter, striated muscle)
Prostate Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra Bulbar urethra
Spongy (penile) urethra Corpus cavernosum Corpus spongiosum
Meatus
Posterior urethra Anterior urethra
© Bryce Hough
© Hyun Joo Lee
© Sandra Tavares