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A
Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine
James Bao and Jagan Sivakumaran, chapter editors
Arnav Agarwal and Priya Bapat, associate editors
Danielle Jeong and Graham Mazereeuw, EBM editors
Dr. Ahtsham U. Niazi, Dr. Diana Tamir, and Dr. Jeff Wassermann, staff editors
Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Overview of Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Types of Anesthesia
Pre-Operative Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
History and Physical
Pre-Operative Investigations
American Society of Anesthesiology Classification
Pre-Operative Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Medications
Hypertension
Coronary Artery Disease
Respiratory Diseases
Aspiration
Fasting Guidelines
Hematological Disorders
Endocrine Disorders
Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Airway Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Airway Anatomy
Methods of Supporting Airways Tracheal Intubation
Difficult Airway
Oxygen Therapy
Ventilation
Intraoperative Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Temperature
Heart Rate
Blood Pressure
Fluid Balance and Resuscitation IV Fluids
Blood Products
Induction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Routine Induction vs. Rapid Sequence Induction Induction Agents
Muscle Relaxants and Reversing Agents Analgesia
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Extubation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Complications of Extubation
Regional Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Epidural and Spinal Anesthesia Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Local Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Local Anesthetic Agents
Systemic Toxicity
Local Infiltration and Hematoma Blocks Topical Anesthetics
Post-Operative Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Common Post-Operative Anesthetic Complications
Pain Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Acute Pain Neuropathic Pain Chronic Pain
Obstetrical Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Pediatric Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Uncommon Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Malignant Hyperthermia Abnormal Pseudocholinesterase
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Difficult Tracheal Intubation in Unconscious Patient Difficult Tracheal Intubation
Advanced Cardiac Life Support Guidelines
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Toronto Notes 2019
Anesthesia A1