Page 36 - TNFlipTest

A2 Anesthesia
Acronyms
Toronto Notes 2019
Acronyms
2,3-BPG 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
ABG arterial blood gas
ACC American College of Cardiology
ACh acetylcholine
AChE acetylcholinesterase
ACV assist-control ventilation
AHA American Heart Association
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome atm atmosphere
CCS Canadian Cardiovascular Society
CHF congestive heart failure
CK creatine kinase
CO cardiac output
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
CVP central venous pressure
DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation DKA diabetic ketoacidosis
ETCO2 End-Tidal CO2
ETT endotrachealtube LMA FiO2 fraction of oxygen in inspired air LOC FFP fresh frozen plasma MAC FRC functional residual capacity MAP GA general anesthesia MH GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease MS Hb(i) initial hemoglobin NMJ Hb(f) final hemoglobin NYHA Hct hematocrit OCS HES hydroxyethyl starch OR HHS hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state OSA ICP intracranial pressure PaCO2 ICS inhaled corticosteroids PaO2 IOP intraocular pressure PC ITP immune thrombocytopenic purpura PCA LA local anesthetic PCV LABA long-acting β-agonist PEEP LES lower esophageal sphincter PNS
laryngealmaskairway
level of consciousness
minimum alveolar concentration
mean arterial pressure
malignant hyperthermia
multiple sclerosis
neuromuscular junction
New York Heart Association
oral corticosteroids
operating room
obstructive sleep apnea
arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide arterial partial pressure of oxygen patient-controlled
patient-controlled analgesia pressure-controlled ventilation
positive end-expiratory pressure parasympathetic nervous system
PONV post-operativenauseaandvomiting PPV positive pressure ventilation
RSI rapid sequence induction
SABA short-acting β-agonist
SCh succinylcholine
SIADH syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic
hormone
SNS sympathetic nervous system
SV stroke volume
SVR systemic vascular resistance
TIA transient ischemic attack
TBW total body water
TIVA total intravenous anesthetic TURP transurethral resection of prostate V/Q ventilation/perfusion
VT ventricular tachycardia
VTE venous thromboembolism
Post-operative
4. post-operative care
Overview of Anesthesia
• anesthesia:lackofsensation/perception
6 As of General Anesthesia Anesthesia
Anxiolysis
Amnesia
Areflexia (muscle relaxation - not always required)
Autonomic stability
Analgesia
Approach to Anesthesia
Pre-operative
1. pre-operative assessment 2. patient optimization
Pre-operative/Peri-operative
3. plan anesthetic
various types of anesthesia pre-medication
airway management monitors
induction
maintenance
emergence
tracheal extubation
Types of Anesthesia
• general
■ general anesthesia (GA)
■ total IV anesthesia (TIVA)
• regional
■ spinal, epidural
■ peripheral nerve block ■ IVregional
• local
■ local infiltration ■ topical
Note that different types of anesthesia can be combined (general + regional)
Pre-Operative Assessment
Purpose
• identifyconcernsformedicalandsurgicalmanagementofpatient
• allowforquestionstohelpallayanyfearsorconcernspatientand/orfamilymayhave
• arrangefurtherinvestigations,consultationsandtreatmentsforpatientsnotyetoptimized • planandconsentforanesthetictechniques
History and Physical
History
• age, gender
• indicationforsurgery
• surgical/anestheticHx:previousanesthetics,anycomplications,previousintubations,post-operative
N/V
• FHx:abnormalanestheticreactions,malignanthyperthermia,pseudocholinesterasedeficiency(see
Uncommon Complications, A28) • medications, allergies