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GM16 Geriatric Medicine References Toronto Notes 2019 References
Constipation
Gandell D, Straus SE, Bundookwala M, et al. Treatment of constipation in older people. CMAJ 2013; 185:663-70.
Higgins PDR, Johanson JF. Epidemiology of constipation in North America: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:750-759.
Jamshed N, Lee ZE, Olden KW. Diagnostic approach to chronic constipation in adults. Am Fam Physician 2011;84:299-306
Rao SSC. Diagnosis and management of fecal incontinence. American Journal of Gastroenerology 2004; 99(8): 1585-604.
Rao SSC, Go JT. Update on the management of constipation in the elderly: new treatment options. Clin Interv Aging 2010;5:163-171.Reuben DB, Herr KA, Pacala JT, et al. Geriatrics at your fingertips, 13th ed. New York: The American Geriatrics Society, 2011.
Reuben DB, Herr KA, Pacala JT, Pollock BG, et al. Geriatrics at your fingertips, 15th ed. 2013. Chapter: Incontinence - Urinary and Fecal. 136-144.
Delirium, Dementia, and Depression
British Geriatrics Society and Royal College of Physicians. Guidelines for prevention, diagnosis and management of delirium in older people. Concise guidance to good practice series. 2006;6:303-8. Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS. Delirium in elderly people. Lancet 2014;383(9920):911-22.
Young J, Murthy L, Westby M, et al. Diagnosis, prevention, and management of delirium: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 2010;341:c3704.
Driving Competency
Bennett JM, Chekaluk E, Batchelor J. Cognitive tests and determining fitness to drive in dementia: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 2016;64:1904-17. CMA. CMA Driver’s guide: determining medical fitness to operate motor vehicles. Ottawa, 2012.
Grabowski DC, Campbell CM, Morrisey MA. Elderly licensure laws and motor vehicle fatalities. JAMA 2004;291:2840-2846.
Joseph, CB. Physician’s guide to assessing and counselling older drivers. Second edition. J Med Libr Assoc 2013;101:230-231
Man-Son-Hing M, Marshall SC, Molnar FJ, et al. Systematic review of driving risk and the efficacy of compensatory strategies in persons with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007;55:878-884. Mount Sinai Hospital. 10 item Dementia and Driving Checklist. Toronto, 2012.
Wiseman EJ, Souder E. The older driver: a handy tool to assess competence behind the wheel. Geriatrics 1996;51:36-38, 41-42, 45.
Elder Abuse
Health Canada. The Canadian guide to clinical preventative health care. Ottawa: Canadian Task Force on Preventative Health Care, 2002. Lachs MS, Pillemer KA. Elder abuse. NEJM 2015;373(20):1947-56.
NICE. Elder Abuse Suspicion Index, 2006. Available from: http://www.nicenet.ca/tools-easi-elder-abuse-suspicion-index.
Public Health Agency of Canada. Elder Abuse in Canada: A Gender-Based Analysis, 2009.
Takahashi PY, Okhravi HR, Lim LS, et al. Preventative health care in the elderly population: a guide for practicing physicians. Mayo Clin Proc 2004;79:416-27. Wang XM, Brisbin S, Loo T, et al. Elder abuse: an approach to identification, assessment and intervention. CMAJ 2015;187(8):575-81.
Falls
Butt DA, Mamdani M, Austin PC, et al. The risk of falls on initiation of antihypertensive drugs in the elderly. Osteoporosis Int 2013;24:2649-2657.
Davuluri S, Dharmarajan TS. Falls: A complex, multifactorial syndrome with addressable risk factors. Consultant360 2013;21.
Ellis G, Gardner M, Tsiachristas A, et al. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital. Cochrane DB Syst Rev 2017;9:CD006211.
Ganz DA, Bao Y, Shekelle PE, et al. Will my patient fall? JAMA 2007;297:77-86.
Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living In the community. Cochrane DB Syst Rev 2012;9:CD007146.
Kiel DP, Rose BD, Wellesly MA. Overview of falls in the elderly. Rose BD (editor). Waltham: UpToDate, 2006.
Kwan E, Straus SE. Assessment and management of falls in older people. CMAJ 2014;186(16):610-621.
Milos V, Bondesson A, Magnusson M, et al. Fall risk-increasing drugs and falls: a cross-sectional study among elderly patients in primary care. BMC Geriatr 2014;14:40. Moncada L. Management of falls in older persons: a prescription for prevention. Am Fam Physician 2011;84:1267-1276.
Phelan EA, Mahoney JE, Voit JC, et al. Assessment and management of fall risk in primary care settings. Med Clin North Am 2015;99(2):281-93.
Rao S. Prevention of falls in older patients. Am Fam Physician 2011;72:81-88.
Reuben DB, Herr KA, Pacala JT, et al. Geriatrics at your fingertips, 13th ed. New York: The American Geriatrics Society, 2011.
Tinetti ME, Baker DI, McAvay G, et al. A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community. NEJM 1994;331:821-827. Robertson MC, Gillespie LD. Fall prevention in community-dwelling older adults. JAMA 2013;309:1406-1407.
Woolcott JC, Richardson KJ, Wiens MO, et al. Meta-analysis of the impact of 9 medication classes on falls in elderly persons. Arch Intern Med 2009;169(21):1952-60.
Frailty
Boult C, Green AF, Boult LB, et al. Successful models of comprehensive care for older adults with chronic conditions: Evidence for the institute of Medicine’s “retooling for an aging America” report. JAGS 2009;57(12):2328-2337. Colon-Emeric CS, Whitson HE, Pavon J, et al. Functional decline in older adults. AAFP 2013;88(6):388-394.
Chan X, Mao G, Leng SX. Frailty syndrome: an overview. Clin Interv Aging 2014;9:433-441
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001;56:M146-56.
Quinn TJ, McArthur K, Ellis G, et al. Functional assessment in older people. BMJ 2011;343:d4681.
Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ 2005;173:489-495.
Polypharmacy and Medications
American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2015 updated beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015:63(11):2227-46 Barry PJ, Gallagher P, Ryan C, et al. START (screening tool to alert doctors to the right treatment)-an evidence-based screening tool to detect prescribing omissions in elderly patients. Age Aging 2007;36:632-638.
Carlson JE. Perils of polypharmacy: 10 steps to prudent prescribing. Geriatrics 1996;51:26-35
Gallagher P, Ryan C, Byrne S, et al. STOPP (screening tool of older person’s prescriptions) and START (screening tool to alert doctors to right treatment). consensus validation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008;46(2):72-83.
JAGS 2012. Available from: http://www.americangeriatrics.org.
Rochon PA, Gurwitz JH. The prescribing cascade revisited. The Lancet 2017;389:1778-1789.
Hazards of Hospitalization
Asher, Richard AJ. Dangers of going to bed. British Medical Journal 2.4536 (1947): 967.
Creditor MC. Hazards of Hospitalization of the Elderly. Ann Intern Med 1993;118:219-223.
Inouye SK, Bogardus ST Jr, Charpentier PA, et al. A multi-component intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients. NEJM 1999;340:669-676. James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, et al. 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. JAMA 2014; 311(5): 507-520. Sager MA, Franke T, Inouye SK, et al. Functional outcomes of acute medical illness and hospitalization in older persons. Arch Internal Med 1996;156:645-652. Wilson RS, Herbert LE, Scherr PA, et al. Cognitive decline after hospitalization in a community population of older persons. Neurology 2012;78:950-956.
Health Care Institutions
Government of Ontario. Reports on long-term care homes. Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 2007.
Health Status
Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2004. National Vital Statistics Reports 2007;56:1-96
Minino AM. Death in the United Sates, 2009. NCHS Data Brief 2011;64:1-8.
Statistics Canada. Deaths, by selected grouped causes and sex, Canada, provinces and territories, annual. Ottawa, 2011.