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ER
Emergency Medicine
Alexandre Coutin, Jason Park, and Matthew Piaseczny, chapter editors Arnav Agarwal and Priya Bapat, associate editors
Danielle Jeong and Graham Mazereeuw, EBM editors
Dr. Mark Freedman and Dr. Fernando Teixeira, staff editors
Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Patient Assessment/Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1. Rapid Primary Survey 2. Resuscitation
3. Secondary Survey Ethical Considerations
Traumatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Considerations for Traumatic Injury Head Trauma
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Spine and Spinal Cord Trauma Chest Trauma
Abdominal Trauma Genitourinary Tract Injuries Orthopedic Injuries
Wound Management
Approach to Common ED Presentations . . . . . . 18
Abdominal Pain
Acute Pelvic Pain
Altered Level of Consciousness Chest Pain
Headache
Joint and Back Pain
Seizures
Shortness of Breath
Syncope
Sexual Assault
Medical Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Anaphylaxis and Allergic Reactions
Asthma
Cardiac Dysrhythmias
Acute Exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
Diabetic Emergencies
Electrolyte Disturbances Hypertensive Emergencies Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Sepsis
Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
Otolaryngological Presentations
and Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Epistaxis
Gynecologic/Urologic Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . 40
Vaginal Bleeding
Pregnant Patient in the ED Nephrolithiasis (Renal Colic)
Ophthalmologic Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Dermatologic Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Environmental Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke Hypothermia and Cold Injuries Burns
Inhalation Injury
Bites
Near Drowning
Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
“ABCD3EFG” of Toxicology
D1 – Universal Antidotes
D2 – Draw Bloods
D3 – Decontamination and Enhanced Elimination E – Expose and Examine the Patient
F – Full Vitals, ECG Monitor, Foley, X-Rays G – Give Specific Antidotes and Treatments Alcohol Related Emergencies
Approach to the Overdose Patient
Psychiatric Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Approach to Common Psychiatric Presentations Acute Psychosis
Suicidal Patient
Common Pediatric ED Presentations . . . . . . . . .
Modified Glasgow Coma Score Respiratory Distress
Febrile Infant and Febrile Seizures Abdominal Pain
Common Infections Child Abuse and Neglect
Common Medications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Toronto Notes 2019
Emergency Medicine ER1